Sistema de lecturas

Forman, R; Godron, M (1981): Patches and structural components for a landscape ecology BioScience, Vol. 31, No. 10 (Nov., 1981), pp. 733-740 Published by: American Institute of Biological Sciences Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1308780 733 Landscape as ecological units with structure and function are composed primarily of patches in a matrix. Patches differ fundamentally in origin and dynamics while size, shape, and spatial configuration are also important Line corridors strip corridors, stream corridors, networks and habitations are major integrative structural characteristics of landscape. In geographical literature, the landscape plays a central role, with most definitions focusing on the dynamic relationship between two characteristics- natural landforms or physiographic regions and human cultural groups (Grossman 1977, Mikesell 1968, Sauer 1963). In this article we ask whether the landscape is a recognizable and useful unit in ecology, with a distinctive structur

Troll, C (2010): Ecología del paisaje, Investigación ambiental 2(1), 2010 94 El concepto ecología del paisaje festeja este año (1963) su 25 aniversario. En 1938 lo introduje por primera vez en la terminología científica, con relación a la interpretación científica de la fotografía aérea (Troll 1939: 297). Durante los últimos años este término ha cobrado un éxito creciente entre geobotánicos, sociólogos de plantas (los estudiosos de las comunidades de plantas), limnólogos y pedólogos, en particular dentro del lenguaje de la planificación del paisaje y de la protección de la naturaleza. 1. Paisaje y estudio del paisaje Desde hace medio siglo el concepto de paisaje se ha convertido en un motivo particular de investigación en la geografía moderna. El término ciencia del paisaje apareció por primera vez en 1884 para desiertos absolutos o lugares de influencia glacial, de los cuales interesaban exclusivamente los procesos físicos. 94-95 En la fragmentación natural del paisaje —hoy

Gove,  J. Morgan; Burch, William R. Jr. (1997): A social ecology approach and applications of urban ecosystem and landscape analyses: a case study of Baltimore, Maryland, Urban Ecosystems, 1997, 1, 259–275 259 Introduction (...) Indeed, cities may be the glory of humanity, but over the course of human evolution Homo sapiens have lived mostly as relatively isolated bands of hunter-gatherers, migratory herders, or agriculturists in scattered farming villages, farmsteads, or small trading centers. Cities have been rare and special places during the course of human history, providing habitation for only a small portion of any given contemporary global village. Linkages between plant, animal, and human ecology in America Park et al.’s (1925) landmark publication, The City, formally introduced human ecology as a new research agenda for sociology and the study of cities in America. 260-261 The Chicago School articulated and developed an approach to human ecology that drew upon and

Savard, JPL; Clergeau, P; Mennechez, G (1999): Biodiversity concepts and urban ecosystems Abstract The association of biodiversity and urban ecosystems has usually concerned the impact of  urbanization on biodiversity. However, biodiversity concepts can easily be applied to the urban ecosystem itself. As more and more people live in cities, restoration, preservation and enhancement of biodiversity in urban areas become important. Concepts related to biodiversity management such as scale, hierarchy, species identity, species values, fragmentation, global approaches can be used to manage urban biodiversity. Application of these concepts in such arti®cial ecosystems may yield important insights for the management of natural ecosystems. Birds are highly visible and quite sensitive to changes in habitat structure and composition. Bird species richness in urban ecosystems is in¯uenced both by local and landscape characteristics and a multiscale approach is essential to its proper manageme